CISA News

CISA released five Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on April 3, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

• ICSA-25-093-01 Hitachi Energy RTU500 Series
• ICSA-25-093-02 Hitachi Energy TRMTracker
• ICSA-25-093-03 ABB ACS880 Drives Containing CODESYS RTS
• ICSA-25-093-04 ABB Low Voltage DC Drives and Power Controllers CODESYS RTS
• ICSA-25-093-05 B&R APROL

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

Today, CISA—in partnership with the National Security Agency (NSA), Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Australian Signals Directorate’s Australian Cyber Security Centre (ASD’s ACSC), Canadian Centre for Cyber Security (CCCS), and New Zealand’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC-NZ)—released joint Cybersecurity Advisory Fast Flux: A National Security Threat (PDF, 841 KB). This advisory warns organizations, internet service providers (ISPs), and cybersecurity service providers of the ongoing threat of fast flux enabled malicious activities and provides guidance on detection and mitigations to safeguard critical infrastructure and national security.

“Fast flux” is a technique used to obfuscate the locations of malicious servers through rapidly changing Domain Name System (DNS) records associated with a single domain name. This threat exploits a gap commonly found in network defenses, making the tracking and blocking of malicious fast flux activities difficult.

The authoring agencies strongly recommend adopting a multi-layered approach to detection and mitigation to reduce risk of compromise by fast flux-enabled threats. Service providers, especially Protective DNS providers (PDNS), should track, share information about, and block fast flux as part of their provided cybersecurity services. Government and critical infrastructure organizations should close this ongoing gap in network defenses by using cybersecurity and PDNS services that block malicious fast flux activity.

For more information on PDNS services, see Selecting a Protective DNS Service.

CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2025-24813 Apache Tomcat Path Equivalence Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

CISA released two Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on April 1, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

• ICSA-25-091-01 Rockwell Automation Lifecycle Services with Veeam Backup and Replication
   
• ICSA-24-331-04 Hitachi Energy MicroSCADA Pro/X SYS600 (Update A)
   

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2024-20439 Cisco Smart Licensing Utility Static Credential Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

CISA has published a Malware Analysis Report (MAR) with analysis and associated detection signatures on a new malware variant CISA has identified as RESURGE. RESURGE contains capabilities of the SPAWNCHIMERA[1] malware variant, including surviving reboots; however, RESURGE contains distinctive commands that alter its behavior. These commands: 

• Create a web shell, manipulate integrity checks, and modify files. 

• Enable the use of web shells for credential harvesting, account creation, password resets, and escalating permissions. 

• Copy the web shell to the Ivanti running boot disk and manipulate the running coreboot image. 

RESURGE is associated with the exploitation of CVE-2025-0282 in Ivanti Connect Secure appliances. CVE-2025-0282 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways. CISA added CVE-2025-0282 to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog on January 8, 2025.  

For more information on the abovementioned malware variants and YARA rules for detection, see: MAR-25993211.R1.V1.CLEAR.

For a downloadable copy of the SIGMA rule associated with this MAR, see: AR25-087A SIGMA YAML.

CISA urges users and administrators to implement the following actions in addition to the Mitigation Instructions for CVE-2025-0282: 

• For the highest level of confidence, conduct a factory reset.
  • For Cloud and Virtual systems, conduct a factory reset using an external known clean image of the device. 

• See Ivanti’s Recommended Recovery Steps for more information, including how to conduct a factory reset. 

• Reset credentials of privileged and non-privileged accounts.  

• Reset passwords for all domain users and all local accounts, such as Guest, HelpAssistant, DefaultAccount, System, Administrator, and krbtgt. The krbtgt account is responsible for handling Kerberos ticket requests as well as encrypting and signing them. The krbtgt account should be reset twice because the account has a two-password history. The first account reset for the krbtgt needs to be allowed to replicate prior to the second reset to avoid any issues. See CISA’s Eviction Guidance for Networks Affected by the SolarWinds and Active Directory/M365 Compromise for more information. Although tailored to Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies compromised in the 2020 SolarWinds Orion supply chain compromise, the steps are applicable to organizations with Windows AD compromise. 

• Review access policies to temporarily revoke privileges/access for affected devices. If it is necessary to not alert the attacker (e.g., for intelligence purposes), then privileges can be reduced for affected accounts/devices to “contain” them. 

• Reset the relevant account credentials or access keys if the investigation finds the threat actor’s access is limited to non-elevated permissions. 

• Monitor related accounts, especially administrative accounts, for any further signs of unauthorized access. 

Organizations should report incidents and anomalous activity related to information found in the malware analysis report to CISA’s 24/7 Operations Center at [email protected] or (888) 282-0870. Malware submissions can be made directly to Malware Nextgen at https://malware.cisa.gov. 

See the following resources for more guidance: 

• Ivanti: Security Advisory Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure & ZTA Gateways (CVE-2025-0282, CVE-2025-0283) 

CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2025-2783 Google Chromium Mojo Sandbox Escape Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

CISA released one Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisory on March 27, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

• ICSA-25-037-01 Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Power Monitoring Expert (PME) (Update A)

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

CISA has added two new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2019-9874 Sitecore CMS and Experience Platform (XP) Deserialization Vulnerability
• CVE-2019-9875 Sitecore CMS and Experience Platform (XP) Deserialization Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

CISA released four Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on March 25, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

• ICSA-25-084-01 ABB RMC-100
• ICSA-25-084-02 Rockwell Automation Verve Asset Manager
• ICSA-25-084-03 Rockwell Automation 440G TLS-Z
• ICSA-25-084-04 Inaba Denki Sangyo CHOCO TEI WATCHER Mini 
   

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2025-30154 reviewdog action-setup GitHub Action Embedded Malicious Code Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

CISA released five Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on March 20, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

• ICSA-25-079-01 Schneider Electric EcoStruxure™
• ICSA-25-079-02 Schneider Electric Enerlin’X IFE and eIFE
• ICSA-25-079-03 Siemens Simcenter Femap
• ICSA-25-079-04 SMA Sunny Portal
   
• ICSMA-25-079-01 Santesoft Sante DICOM Viewer Pro 

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

CISA has added three new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2025-1316 Edimax IC-7100 IP Camera OS Command Injection Vulnerability
• CVE-2024-48248 NAKIVO Backup and Replication Absolute Path Traversal Vulnerability
• CVE-2017-12637 SAP NetWeaver Directory Traversal Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

CISA released seven Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on March 18, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

• ICSA-25-077-01 Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Power Automation System User Interface (EPAS-UI)
• ICSA-25-077-02 Rockwell Automation Lifecycle Services with VMware
• ICSA-25-077-03 Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Power Automation System
• ICSA-25-077-04 Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Panel Server
• ICSA-25-077-05 Schneider Electric ASCO 5310/5350 Remote Annunciator
   
• ICSA-24-352-04 Schneider Electric Modicon (Update A)
• ICSA-24-291-03 Mitsubishi Electric CNC Series (Update B)

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

CISA has added two new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2025-24472 Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
• CVE-2025-30066 tj-actions/changed-files GitHub Action Embedded Malicious Code Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

A popular third-party GitHub Action, tj-actions/changed-files (tracked as CVE-2025-30066), was compromised. tj-actions/changed-files is designed to detect which files have changed in a pull request or commit. The supply chain compromise allows for information disclosure of secrets including, but not limited to, valid access keys, GitHub Personal Access Tokens (PATs), npm tokens, and private RSA keys. This has been patched in v46.0.1. 

(Updated March 19, 2025) The compromise of tj-actions/changed-files was potentially enabled by a compromise of another GitHub Action, reviewdog/action-setup@v1 (tracked as CVE-2025-30154), which occurred around the same time. The following Actions may also be affected:  

• reviewdog/action-shellcheck 

• reviewdog/action-composite-template 

• reviewdog/action-staticcheck 

• reviewdog/action-ast-grep 

• reviewdog/action-typos 

(Updated March 26, 2025) CISA added CVE-2025-30066 and CVE-2025-30154 to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog. 

CISA strongly urges users to implement the following recommendations to mitigate this compromise. If your organization is impacted:  

(Updated March 26, 2025) 

• Identify affected repositories. Conduct an audit to locate all projects using all versions of tj-actions/changed-files between 2025-03-12 00:00 UTC to 2025-03-15 12:00 UTC in your organization and/or the reviewdog/action between March 11, 2025, between 18:42 and 20:31 UTC.  

• Identify exposed secrets. For public repositories with workflows that ran the malicious commit, check for exposed access keys, GitHub Personal Access Tokens (PATs), npm tokens, and private RSA keys. Note: Secrets may be obfuscated as a double-encoded base64 payload. 

• Rotate all identified secrets immediately as they should be considered compromised. 

• Update to latest version of reviewdog/action-setup@3f401fe and/or follow these instructions provided by GitHub.

Organizations should investigate and report incidents and malicious activity to CISA’s 24/7 Operations Center at [email protected] or (888) 282-0870.  

See the following resources for more guidance to reduce risk when using third-party GitHub Actions: 

• GitHub: tj-actions changed-files through 45.0.7 allows remote attackers to discover secrets by reading actions logs  

• GitHub: Security hardening for GitHub Actions - GitHub Docs 

• GitHub: tj-actions/changed-files: :octocat: Github action to retrieve all (added, copied, modified, deleted, renamed, type changed, unmerged, unknown) files and directories 

• StepSecurity: Harden-Runner detection: tj-actions/changed-files action is compromised 

• Wiz: GitHub Action tj-actions/changed-files supply chain attack 

• (Updated March 19, 2025) GitHub: Multiple Reviewdog actions were compromised during a specific time period · CVE-2025-30154 · GitHub Advisory Database 

• (Updated March 26, 2025) Semgrep: Popular GitHub Action tj-actions/changed-files is compromised 

This alert is provided “as is” for informational purposes only. CISA does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information within. CISA does not endorse any commercial product, entity, or service referenced in this alert or otherwise. 

CISA has added two new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2025-24201 Apple Multiple Products WebKit Out-of-Bounds Write Vulnerability
• CVE-2025-21590 Juniper Junos OS Improper Isolation or Compartmentalization Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.

CISA released thirteen Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on March 13, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

• ICSA-25-072-01 Siemens Teamcenter Visualization and Tecnomatrix Plant Simulation
• ICSA-25-072-02 Siemens SINEMA Remote Connect Server
• ICSA-25-072-03 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP
• ICSA-25-072-04 Siemens SiPass integrated AC5102/ACC-G2 and ACC-AP
• ICSA-25-072-05 Siemens SINAMICS S200
• ICSA-25-072-06 Siemens SCALANCE LPE9403
• ICSA-25-072-07 Siemens SCALANCE M-800 and SC-600 Families
• ICSA-25-072-08 Siemens Tecnomatix Plant Simulation
• ICSA-25-072-09 Siemens OPC UA
• ICSA-25-072-10 Siemens SINEMA Remote Connect Client
• ICSA-25-072-11 Siemens SIMATIC IPC Family, ITP1000, and Field PGs
• ICSA-25-072-12 Sungrow iSolarCloud Android App and WiNet Firmware
   
• ICSMA-25-072-01 Philips Intellispace Cardiovascular (ISCV)

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

Today, CISA—in partnership with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and Multi-State Information Sharing and Analysis Center (MS-ISAC)—released joint Cybersecurity Advisory, #StopRansomware: Medusa Ransomware. This advisory provides tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), indicators of compromise (IOCs), and detection methods associated with known Medusa ransomware activity.

Medusa is a ransomware-as-a-service variant used to conduct ransomware attacks; as of December 2024, over 300 victims from critical infrastructure sectors have been impacted. Medusa actors use common techniques like phishing campaigns and exploiting unpatched software vulnerabilities.

Immediate actions organizations can take to mitigate Medusa ransomware activity: 

• Ensure operating systems, software, and firmware are patched and up to date.
• Segment networks to restrict lateral movement.
• Filter network traffic by preventing unknown or untrusted origins from accessing remote services.

CISA encourages network defenders to review the advisory and implement the recommended mitigations to reduce the likelihood and impact of Medusa ransomware incidents. See #StopRansomware and the #StopRansomware Guide for additional guidance on ransomware protection, detection, and response.

CISA has added six new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.

• CVE-2025-24983 Microsoft Windows Win32k Use-After-Free Vulnerability
• CVE-2025-24984 Microsoft Windows NTFS Information Disclosure Vulnerability
• CVE-2025-24985 Microsoft Windows Fast FAT File System Driver Integer Overflow Vulnerability
• CVE-2025-24991 Microsoft Windows NTFS Out-Of-Bounds Read Vulnerability
• CVE-2025-24993 Microsoft Windows NTFS Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
• CVE-2025-26633 Microsoft Windows Management Console (MMC) Improper Neutralization Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.